Important Events in Hijri & Julian Dates:
-----------------------------------------
BH=Before Hijra, AH=After Hijra, AC=After Christ(Messiah).
Note: Please note that some of these dates are controversial.
----
The day of the Elephant(feel) 17 Moharram, 54 BH=Mon 10 Mar, 570 AC.
the day Abrahah, the Ethiopian emperor attacked the Ka'aba with a big elephant
on the front line of his army.
The Prophet's(saw) Birthday 17 Rabii-I, 54 BH=Fri 9 May, 570 AC.
Imam Ali's(as)Birthday 13 Rajab, 24 BH =Fri 9 Oct, 599 AC.
Mabaath, Angel appeared to the prophet on Sat 27, Sun 28 Rajab, 14 BH, and
delivered the message to him on Monday 29th of Rajab;as per a narration
for Abi-Abdillah(as), from Al-Hassan Bin Rashed, mentioned by Al-Shaikh in his
book, Al-Misbahh. 29 Rajab, 14 BH = Mon 7 July, 609 AC.
Migration (Hijra) of the Prophet from Mecca to Medina:
------------------------------------------------------
-Sunday night (night of Monday in Arabic) 1 Rabii'-I, 1 Hijri [12 Sep. 622 AC]
Ali sleeps in prophet's bed while he leaves Mecca to the Cave of Hiraa'.
-(night of Thursday in Arabic)Prophet departs from the cave to Medina.
-Arrives in Qiba, a suburb of Medina on the 12th of Rabii'-I [Friday 23 Sep, 622 AC].
Prays Friday prayer in Qiba's mosque then moves to the inner Medina.
Battle of Badr: 17 Ramadan, 2 AH [Wed 14 March, 624 AC]
Birth of Hassan, grandson of the prophet:
5 Ramadan, 3 AH [Mon 18 Feb, 625 AC]
Batle of Uhud: 15 Shawwal, 3 AH [Sat 30 March, 625 AC]
Battle of Khaybar: 24 Moharram, 4 AH [Fri 5 July, 625 AC]
Birth of Hussain, grandson of the prophet:
3 Sha'ban, 4 AH [ Tue 7 Jan 626]
Conquest of Mecca: 20-24 Ramadan, 8 AH [Wed-Sun 10-14 Jan, 630 AC]
Battle of Tabouk: 29 Rajab, 9 AH [Sat 10 Nov 630 AC]
Last sermon for the prophet:
25 Dhul-Qi'ada, 10 AH [Sat 22 Feb, 632 AC]
Passing away of prophet:
28 Safar, 11 AH [Sun 24 May, 632 AC]
1st Caliphate, Abu Bakr:
------------------------
From: Monday 29 Safar, 11 AH [25 May, 632 AC]
To: Tuesday 22 Jumada-II, 13 AH [23 Aug, 634 AC], 2 year, 3 months, 20 days.
2nd Caliphate, Omar:
--------------------
From: 27 Jumadi-II, 13 AH [ 23 Aug, 634 AC]
To: 27 Dhul-Hijja, 23 AH [ 3 Nov, 644 AC], 10 years, 6 months.
Adoption of the Hijri Lunar Calendar:
--------------------------------------
Epoch (start) of Hijri Calendar as per Omar, set in year 17 AH to: 1 Moharram, 1 H = Fri 16 July, 622 AC, the year that the prophet migrated to Medina.
3rd Caliphate, Uthman:
----------------------
From: 1 Moharram, 24 AH [5 Nov, 644 AC]
To: ? Dhul-Hijja, 35 AH [June, 656 AC], 12 years less 3-18 days.
4th Caliphate, Ali:
-------------------
From: 12 or 27 Dhul-Hijja, 35 AH [11 or 26 June, 656 AC]
To: Thu 21 Ramadan, 40 AH [28 Jan, 661 AH]
|
Hijri |
Julian/Gregorian |
Event |
Notes |
|
-54 |
570 |
The year of Elephant. Abraha attaks the Ka’aba The prophet is born 12 or 17 Rabi’-I (Friday ) |
|
|
-14 |
609 |
Start of the descending of the Revelation |
|
|
1 |
622 |
Emigration from Mecca to medina |
|
|
8 |
630 |
First pilgrimage to Mecca. |
|
|
11 |
632 |
Islamic constitution in Mecca |
Pass away of Zahra |
|
11 |
632 |
Passing away of the Prophet Mohammed. |
|
|
11-13 |
632-634 |
1st Islamic Caliphate, Abu Bakrbin abi-Qahafa |
|
|
13-23 |
634-644 |
2nd Islamic Caliphate, Omar bin al-Khattab |
|
|
15 |
636 |
Byzantines withdrew from greater Syria. |
|
|
17 |
638 |
Hijri lunar calendar adopted. Epoch pushed back to 1 Moharram. Capture of Jerusalem by Omar. |
|
|
18-25 |
639-646 |
Egyptian campaign. |
|
|
21 |
642 |
Arabs control Mesopotamia,Western & Central Persia. |
|
|
24-35 |
644-656 |
3rd Islamic Caliphate, Uthman bin A’ffan |
|
|
30 |
651 |
Occupation of Persia |
|
|
35-40 |
656-661 |
4th Islamic Caliphate, Ali bin abi-Ttaleb |
Friday 18/12/35 Hijri |
|
37 |
657 |
Battle of Saffin. Emergence of the Kharijite sect. |
|
|
40-132 |
661-750 |
Umayyad Dynasty, capital: Damascus. |
|
|
60 |
679 |
Capture of Carthage, Tunisia |
|
|
|
691-692 |
Jerusalem's Dome of the Rock, built. |
|
|
91 |
710 |
Moslems reach the Indian delta |
|
|
92 |
711 |
Capture of Qordoba, Spain by the Berbers & Arabs |
|
|
102 |
721 |
Capture of Narbonne, Spain by the Berbers & Arabs |
|
|
114 |
732 |
Defeat of the Andalus’ governer at Poitiers, France |
|
|
|
747 |
Revoltution against the Umayyads, in Khorasan led by Abu Moslem. |
|
|
132-656 |
750-1258 |
Abbassid caliphate established, capital Baghdad |
|
|
139-422 |
756-1031 |
Ummayad prince ‘Abdurrahman ibn Mohammed al-Dakhil escapes Syria to Andalus to establish the sole surviving Ummayad caliphate in Qordoba, Andalus |
|
|
148 |
765 |
d. Ja’far al-Sadiq, the 6th Shia’ Imam, split of followers to Imamites (12ers) and Ismailites, followers of his son Ismail. |
|
|
150-241 |
767-855 |
Emergence of the main 4 Sunni sects. |
|
|
256-303 |
870-915 |
The six official Hadith (narration) books authored. |
|
|
260 |
874 |
Occulation of al-Mahdi, the 12th Shi’a Imam. |
b. 15 Sha’ban 255 AH Thu 28 July, 869 |
|
311 |
923 |
d. Historian al-Tabari |
|
|
338 |
950 |
Coding of the seven accents for reading the Quran |
|
|
357-567 |
968-1171 |
Fatimid caliphate established in North Africa |
|
|
359 |
970 |
Al-Azhar mosque built in Cairo by the Fatimid caliph al-Moa’taz. |
|
|
428 |
1037 |
d. Ibn Sina, master of the Encyclopedia of Medicine |
|
|
447-656 |
1055-1258 |
Almoravids, then Almoahhids (1147) |
|
|
489-690 |
1096-1291 |
The 4 Crusades launched to gain control of Jerusalem. |
|
|
495-496 |
1102-1103 |
Conversion of Ghana, Africa to Islam. |
|
|
504 |
1111 |
d. Theologist al-Ghazali. |
|
|
583 |
1187 |
Salaheddine (Saladin) retrieves Jerusalem form the Crusaders. |
|
|
594 |
1198 |
d. Philosopher Ibn-Rushd (Averroes). |
|
|
|
1220 |
Genghis Khan took Samarkand and Bukhara, after conquering China earlier. |
|
|
637 |
1240 |
d. Mystic Ibn-A’arabi. |
|
|
648-923 |
1250-1517 |
Mamlouks’ dynasty established in Egypt & Syria |
|
|
656 |
1258 |
Fall of Baghdad under Hulagu Khan-Mongol leader. End of Abbasids’ dynasty. |
|
|
658 |
1260 |
the Mongols moved against Palestine and Egypt. the Mamluks were able to marshal their forces in time to meet, and crush, the Mongols at 'Ayn Jalut near Nazareth in Palestine.
|
|
|
667 |
1269 |
Mecca is under the control of Egypts’ Mamlouks. |
|
|
700 |
1301 |
Uthman the 1st founds the Ottomon empire. |
|
|
728 |
1328 |
d. Ibn Taymia, the Hanbali theologist. |
|
|
|
1380 |
Tamerlane, who claimed descent from Genghis Khan. Under Tamerlane, the Mongol forces swept down on Central Asia, India, Iran, Iraq, and Syria, occupying Aleppo and Damascus and threatening - but not defeating - the Mamluks.Battle of Marj-Dabiq, Mongols defeated. |
|
|
857 |
1453 |
Capture of Constantinopole by the Ottomans. Expulsion of jews & Moslems from Andalus. |
|
|
897 |
1492 |
The fall of Grenada, Spain. Columbus set for America. |
2nd January |
|
918-1188 |
512-1774 |
Rise of the Ottomans. |
|
|
923 |
1517 |
The Ottomans defeat the Mamlouks of Egypt and take control of Mecca. |
|
|
932 |
1526 |
Siege of Vienna by the Ottomans. |
|
|
963-1119 |
1556-1707 |
Rise of the Mongol empire in India. |
|
|
1018 |
1609 |
Expulsion of the last Moslems out of Spain. |
|
|
1038 |
1629 |
The peak of Mongols(Moslems) architecture and possibly the most famous work of all times and cultures is the dazzling Taj Mahal mausoleum built at Agra, India |
|
|
1188-1338 |
1774-1920 |
Decline of the Ottoman Empire |
|
|
1206 |
1792 |
d. Mohamad bin Abdul-Wahhab |
|
|
1212 |
1798 |
Invasion of Egypt by Napoleon Bonaparte, the French Emperor. |
|
|
1218-1220 |
1803-1805 |
Mecca and Medina fall under the Wahhabist |
|
|
1314 |
1897 |
d. reformist Jamal Uddine al-Afghani |
|
|
1341 |
1923 |
End of the Ottoman Empire |
|
|
1342 |
1924 |
Abolition of the Caliphate by the Turkish parliament |
|
|
1343 |
1925 |
Capture of Mecca and Medina by Ibn Sa’ud |
|
|
1351 |
1932 |
Establishment of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) |
|
References:
http://www.barkati.net/english/chronology.htm
http://islamicweb.com/history/chronology.htm
http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/history/chronology/
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